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Artificial Intelligence

This guide provides information about using generative AI tools for study and in research in an ethical, responsible and evaluative way.

How to cite AI tools using Harvard UofA

There are no guidelines regarding nonrecoverable material. The Library recommends following the guidelines for personal communication.
Personal communication is cited in text only (as personal communications cannot be retrieved by the reader, you should not include them in the reference list).

In-text citation

Format:
(Communicator, personal communication, Day Month Year)

Example:
(OpenAI’s ChatGPT, personal communication, 30 March 2023)

 

Note: In-text citation is important, but it doesn’t explain how you used AI. You also need to clearly acknowledge how you used AI in your reference list or bibliography. Go to the section ‘Acknowledging use of AI tools’ for advice on how to do this.