EndNote

Guidance on using EndNote software at the University of Adelaide

Formatted vs Unformatted Citations

You can opt to use formatted or unformatted citations when working with Word documents.

Formatted citations reflect the style selected; for an example, a Harvard in-text citation appears in the following format: (Thornburg & Challis 2014)

Unformatted citations always appear with curly brackets, containing the author surname, publication year and EndNote record number: {Author, year #no.}

What is the difference between formatted and unformatted citations?

Formatted citations contain coding, which makes them display in the correct format for the chosen referencing style; This makes it easier to check whether your citations and bibliography are appearing correctly and it also means you can switch between referencing styles if you need to.

Unformatted citations contain no coding, which is an advantage if you are working on a large document, as adding a lot of formatted references to your paper can slow down your work. It is also important if you are cutting and pasting within the same document or from different documents that share the same EndNote library, or merging documents (e.g. thesis chapters) to form a single long document, that you change to unformatted citations to minimise the chances of corrupting data when you are editing the document. Furthermore, the Track Changes function in Word uses coded fields which can conflict with EndNote citations, so unformatted citations should be used if using this function..

Switching from formatted to unformatted (and back again)

Usually, the document will be set to Instant Formatting is On.
You can change this by clicking Convert Citations and Bibliography > Convert to Unformatted Citations.

When you want to change back to formatted citations, simply click Update Citations and Bibliography.

Summary of differences

Formatted citations	Unformatted citations
Formatted citations are finished or final citations.	Unformatted citations are temporary or placeholders.
There is a lot of code behind each citation (they will highlight in grey if clicked on).	There is no code present, making the document quicker to load and easier to manipulate (tracking changes, cutting/pasting, merging multiple documents).
Depending on which referencing style you are using they could look like this: (Author, year) (Author) 1. or [1] or ¹	No matter what style you are using they always look like this: {Author, year #no.} They are enclosed by curly braces, have the first author's surname, the year, and the #no. which refers to that record number in the EndNote library.
A bibliography/reference list is automatically produced.	No bibliography/reference list is produced.
To edit: See "Editing & managing citations" page above	To edit: This can be done manually, with care. Adding a page number - use @ e.g. {Thornburg, 2014 #29@206} Adding a prefix - use \ e.g. {see also \Thornburg, 2014 #29} Adding a suffix - add text at the end after a comma, e.g. {Thornburg, 2014 #29, fig. 2}